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Data Visualization Guide

Master data storytelling. Learn which chart tells your story best, accessibility principles, and when to use Excel vs Tableau vs Python.

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How to choose the right chart type

The best chart type depends on three things: what kind of data you have, how many variables you are comparing, and what story you want to tell.

Common chart types and when to use them

Bar chart: Comparing categories. Use when you have discrete groups and want to show magnitude differences.

Line chart: Showing trends over time. Best when time is on the x-axis and you want to show change.

Scatter plot: Showing the relationship between two numeric variables. Great for correlation analysis.

Pie / Donut chart: Showing part-to-whole relationships. Only use with fewer than 6 categories.

Histogram: Showing the distribution of a single numeric variable.

Heatmap: Showing patterns in a matrix of two categorical variables.

Box plot: Comparing distributions across groups, including median, quartiles and outliers.

Frequently asked questions

Can I use a pie chart for more than 5 categories? Technically yes, but it becomes very hard to read. Use a bar chart instead.

When should I use a log scale? When your data spans multiple orders of magnitude β€” for example revenue data that ranges from $100 to $10,000,000.